Hereford Cathedral
Sightseeing attraction | Hereford | England | United Kingdom
Medieval architecture in England
The Hereford Cathedral, officially known as the Cathedral Church of St Mary the Virgin and St Ethelbert the King, is one of the oldest and most significant cathedrals in England and a central landmark of the city of Hereford in Herefordshire county. This impressive church, spanning over 1,300 years of history, is a masterpiece of medieval architecture and an active place of faith that captivates visitors with its spiritual atmosphere, historical treasures, and cultural significance. It is recognized as Grade I listed and houses some of the most valuable artifacts of British history, including the famous Mappa Mundi and one of the oldest surviving manuscripts of the "Ancrene Wisse."
Historical treasures of the cathedral
The history of Hereford Cathedral dates back to 676, when a church was founded on this site after King Ethelbert of East Anglia became a martyr here. However, the current cathedral took shape in the 11th century when Bishop Robert de Losinga began construction in 1079, inspired by Norman architecture following the Norman Conquest of 1066. The majority of the structure was built between the 12th and 14th centuries, with various architectural styles blending together - from Romanesque to Gothic to Early Gothic. In 1786, the cathedral suffered significant damage when the west tower collapsed, leading to extensive restoration work under James Wyatt. Further restorations in the 19th century, especially under George Gilbert Scott, restored the original splendor and added Gothic elements that characterize its present appearance.
Visit the Mappa Mundi
Architecturally, Hereford Cathedral is a fascinating example of the evolution of medieval architecture. The facade made of red sandstone is flanked by two towers, with the central tower above the choir adorned with delicate Gothic decorations being particularly striking. The west entrance features Norman arches and carvings, while the large west window from the 14th century impresses with its stained glass. Inside, the nave with its massive Romanesque columns and high Gothic ceiling is a masterpiece reflecting the different construction phases. The choir, with its intricate 14th-century choir stalls, is another highlight, as is the Lady Chapel, which creates an intimate atmosphere with its delicate stonework. A special feature is the Shrine of St Thomas de Cantilupe, a magnificent 13th-century tomb honoring the former bishop who was canonized in 1320.
Cathedral by the River Wye
The cathedral is renowned not only for its architecture but also for its historical treasures. The Mappa Mundi, one of the oldest surviving maps of the world from 1300, depicts the medieval view of the known world with Jerusalem at its center - a UNESCO World Heritage Site presented in its own exhibition in the choir. Likewise, the cathedral library houses the Chained Library, a collection of over 1,500 manuscripts and early prints, including the 8th-century Hereford Gospels and the Ancrene Wisse, a spiritual guide from the 13th century. This collection, with books secured by chains to prevent theft, is one of the best-preserved examples of medieval libraries in Britain.
Tours of Hereford Cathedral
For visitors, Hereford Cathedral offers a rich experience. Entry to the cathedral is free, with donations welcome, and there are regular guided tours that delve into the history and treasures of the church. The Mappa Mundi and the Chained Library are accessible in a separate exhibition room complemented by informative displays. The cathedral is an active place of prayer, with daily services and a renowned choir performing at special events such as the Three Choirs Festival, one of the oldest music festivals in the world, shared by Hereford, Gloucester, and Worcester every three years. A café in the cloisters offers homemade food and drinks overlooking the garden, while a shop offers religious literature, local products, and souvenirs.
The surroundings of the cathedral enhance its charm. It is located on the banks of the River Wye, flowing through Hereford, and is surrounded by a picturesque cloister and garden that offer tranquility and a connection to nature. Its proximity to the old town with its timber-framed houses and the Hereford Museum makes it an ideal starting point for further exploration. The cathedral is easily accessible, with mostly barrier-free paths and facilities such as toilets and seating that make the visit enjoyable.
